Load Sources

Capoworks firmware can give individual fuel, ignition and actuator tables their own captured load coordinate. A selector changes the Y-axis source and units for that consumer only. It does not change Fuel strategy, and it does not change the authority of the SD + Alpha-N blend.

The selectors use full-precision values captured during the completed fuel calculation. Packed datalog cursors are display values and are not read back as control inputs.

Selector choices and units

The final TunerStudio selector choices are:

Selector label	Coordinate	Valid physical range
`Model default`	The active physical model's native load	Depends on model
`Measured MAP`	MAP sensor value in kPa	`0` to `1000 kPa`
`TPS`	Throttle position in percent	Normalized to `0` to `100 percent` after sensor-tolerance checks
`Acc Pedal`	Accelerator pedal in percent	Normalized to `0` to `100 percent` after sensor-tolerance checks
`Cyl Filling %`	Standardized cylinder filling in percent	Finite and non-negative
`Effective MAP`	Measured or estimated MAP in kPa	`0` to `1000 kPa`

The enum also contains INVALID entries. They are runtime guard values, not normal choices to select for a table.

Measured MAP is only the physical MAP sensor. Effective MAP can be the measured MAP or the MAP Estimate table value. An estimate is marked with the MAP-estimate diagnostic bit and must not be mistaken for a measured sensor.

Cyl Filling % is calculated from the final, corrected cylinder air mass and the captured displacement and cylinder count. It is not the same coordinate as the pre-trim MAF load.

What Model default means

The runtime resolves Model default as follows:

Active fuel model	Runtime native coordinate
Speed Density	Effective MAP in kPa
Alpha-N	TPS in percent
MAF Air Charge	Pre-trim MAF cylinder filling in percent
SD + Alpha-N	Effective MAP in kPa

The final template helper labels have one source-level discrepancy worth knowing: outside the standalone Speed Density and Alpha-N modes, its modelDefaultLoadAxis helper currently renders Cylinder filling %. For an SD + Alpha-N calculation, the runtime native coordinate is effective MAP. Use the table's live cursor and the source fields rather than treating that helper label as a selector value change.

Legacy Lua and mock modes keep a compatibility path that resolves consumer coordinates from the live historical fuel load. The captured publication identity and model-validity gate described below are used by the revised Speed Density, Alpha-N, MAF and SD + Alpha-N models.

Configurable consumers

These exact field labels expose independent selectors in the final template:

Function	Exact UI field label	Diagnostic load channel
Target lambda table	`Target lambda load source`	Existing target-lambda table cursor; `Air blend: current lambda load` in model diagnostics
Main ignition table	`Ignition table load source`	Main ignition-table cursor
Injection phase	`Injection phase load source`	`Load: injection phase`
Cylinder ignition trims	`Cylinder 1` through `Cylinder 12` in `Cylinder ignition trim load sources`	`Load: ignition trim`
Short-term fuel trim regions	`Load source and units`	`Load: STFT`
Staged-injection table	`Table load source`	`Load: staged injection`
Lambda protection thresholds	`Threshold load source`	`Load: lambda protection`
Maximum lambda deviation table	`Deviation table load source`	`Load: lambda deviation`
Trailing-spark table	`Trailing spark table`	`Load: trailing spark`
Ignition IAT correction	`IAT correction table`	`Load: ignition IAT correction`
Maximum knock retard	`Maximum retard table`	`Load: knock retard`
Per-cylinder knock gain	`Gain cylinder 1` through `Gain cylinder 12`	`Load: knock gain`
HPFP target-pressure table	`Target table load source`	`Load: HPFP target`

Ignition trim and knock gain each have one selector per cylinder. The other listed functions have one selector. The base Fuel strategy remains a separate setting.

Independence from fuel mode and blend authority

A consumer selector is resolved from the values captured for the completed fuel calculation:

Speed Density supplies an effective-MAP native coordinate.
Alpha-N supplies a TPS native coordinate.
MAF Air Charge supplies pre-trim MAF cylinder filling as its native coordinate, while Cyl Filling % uses the final corrected mass.
SD + Alpha-N supplies effective MAP as its native coordinate after branch blending and shared corrections.

Changing one consumer from TPS to Measured MAP does not change fuel strategy, branch weights, the VE/filling calibration or another consumer's selector.

SD + Alpha-N has a separate Authority Y-axis source with only these choices:

UI choice	Authority coordinate
`TPS %`	TPS in percent
`Measured MAP kPa`	Strict measured MAP in kPa

This authority control decides how much raw Speed Density mass and raw Alpha-N mass are combined. It is not one of the consumer load_override_e selectors. Changing Authority Y-axis source changes the units of the blend table and requires all blend breakpoints to be retuned.

The per-cylinder Speed Density and Alpha-N model fuel trims also have their own captured branch coordinates. They are not selected by the consumer load-source fields above. In blended mode, the active trim family follows the effective branch authority after branch fallback.

Validity and fallback behavior

Strict source validity and the numeric fallback used for compatibility are kept separate. The published snapshot records which source coordinates were strictly valid; a fallback does not make its source healthy.

For a valid overall fuel calculation, a missing consumer coordinate can use the legacy numeric substitute:

Missing source	Compatibility value
Measured MAP or Effective MAP	`200 kPa`
TPS or Accelerator Pedal	`100 percent`
Cylinder filling	No invented numeric substitute
HPFP target using Measured MAP	`0 kPa`

If a required enabled consumer uses a substitute, the calculation is marked Degraded with model fault code Load. This can keep injection available while making the fallback visible. If the final air mass itself is invalid, there is no substitute that keeps the model healthy: the model is Faulted, new injection is not admitted, and the published consumer cursor fields are cleared.

A missing optional coordinate does not by itself invalidate a good air mass. Coordinates are resolved from the captured frame without re-reading sensors, and a newer publication cannot be replaced by an older prepared calculation. Stopping the engine or changing the tune invalidates the captured publication and clears its cursors.

Diagnostic channels

The final output-channel names are:

Load: injection phase
Load: ignition trim
Load: STFT
Load: staged injection
Load: lambda deviation
Load: lambda protection
Load: trailing spark
Load: ignition IAT correction
Load: knock retard
Load: knock gain
Load: HPFP target
Air blend: current lambda load

The per-cylinder ignition trim and knock gain channels contain one value per cylinder. Disabled consumers and unused cylinder slots publish zero. Because the load-channel entries have no single built-in unit, read the unit from the selector or table axis. A zero can mean either a genuine zero coordinate or an inactive or cleared cursor.

The shared model diagnostics use these codes:

Channel	Code	Meaning
`Air blend: injection admission state`	`0`	`Legacy`: a completed successful standalone-model publication, or a legacy mode
	`1`	`NotReady`
	`2`	`Ready`: a successful SD + Alpha-N publication
	`3`	`Faulted`
	`4`	`Degraded`: fuel is available with a fallback
`Air blend: model fault`	`0`	`None`
	`1`	`Configuration`
	`2`	`Sensor`
	`3`	`Correction`
	`4`	`Result`
	`5`	`Load`
	`6`	`StrategyChange`
	`7`	`Scheduling`

Airmass: Temperature/MAP estimate fallback flags is a bit field:

Bit	Meaning
`1`	Temperature fallback
`2`	Alpha-N barometric fallback
`4`	MAP or effective-MAP fallback
`8`	MAP estimate was used

Air blend: common correction multiplier, the SD and Alpha-N raw-mass channels, requested and effective authority, branch loads and branch VE/filling channels show which physical values produced the published result.

Tuning checks

When changing a selector:

Confirm the table's displayed Y-axis unit matches the selected coordinate.
Retune breakpoints when moving between kPa and percent coordinates.
Confirm the matching Load: cursor follows the expected source.
Check admission state and model fault during steady and transient operation.
If a fallback is present, repair the input or deliberately validate the fallback path before continuing calibration.

The selectors are independent, but they are not interchangeable tuning coordinates. A table calibrated on TPS should not be moved to MAP until its breakpoints and cell values have been reviewed.

Source references

This page was checked against Capoworks firmware commit 8f4fcfb4 and its generated definition. The independent consumer selectors were introduced in commit 45298b90, with later final-layout and fallback changes folded into the pinned revision.

Selector choices and units​

What Model default means​

Configurable consumers​

Independence from fuel mode and blend authority​

Validity and fallback behavior​

Diagnostic channels​

Tuning checks​

Source references​